The French Canadian/Acadian Genealogists of Wisconsin Quarterly features articles on French Canadian/Acadian research, historical as well as cultural information, published genealogies, and news about many current genealogical events. The annually published surname list consists of major surnames being researched by members.
Volume 22 Number 2, Winter 2007/2008
Articles
"The Elite of New France" by Joyce Banachowski
Traditionally, France had three social classes: nobility, clergy and the third estate (tradesmen, peasants, merchants and the bourgeoisie). Louis XIV ended the system and the three divisions were not allowed in the French colonies. But classes did exist and the nobility in colonies came from the old French nobility. The king, by letters "patentes" ennobled families.
Created by Louis XIV, the Cross of Saint-Louis was given to French Catholic officers for loyal service of ten years and later extended to as much as twenty-four years of service. It was the highest order given in New France and had three classes: chevalier (knight), commandeur and grand-croix. In 1750, by royal decree, officers who received the Cross of Saint-Louis were automatically raised to the nobility.
A 42 page list gives the recipient's name, class of cross, service to king and country and miscellaneous information. Another list details the Canadian born officers who served outside Canada.
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